famous radio personalities 1940skountry wayne rolanda

Age: 70 . Some critics called it "bread and circuses," a narcotic for the masses to keep them from fully comprehending the situation in which they found themselves. One master of the use of radio was Father Charles Edward Coughlin. famous radio personalities 1940s religious interview questions and answers sharleen spiteri ashley heath . In March 2012 the faculty at the Arthur L. Carter Journalism Institute at New York University, together with an Honorary Committee of alumni, selected "the 100 Outstanding Journalists in the United States in the Last 100 Years.". A Tower of Babel: A History of Broadcasting in the United States, Volume I, to 1933. With the plays and movies represented on the radio many engaged with U.S. developments in the arts through the Great Depression. The effects of the Depressionpoverty, joblessness, homelessness, and hungertook a mental toll on Americans. "Lost Horizon," an episode of the motion-picture adaptation series Academy Award Theater, starring Ronald Colman; airdate November 27, 1946. When his career began in the 1970's he was fired from multiple radio stations because as a news commentator he was seen as too controversial. Radio was an inexpensive way to keep up with news events of the Great Depression and farming news, and provided a ready means for escape from the economic hard times through sports broadcasts and entertainment programs. Ronald Reagan (served 19811989) became another president skilled at using mass media to charm the public and press while seeking to gain support for his programs. Rather than performing on stage in vaudeville or nightclubs requiring steady travel, they could reach the entire nation from a small studio, week after week. Child development specialists expressed concern that children were foregoing more wholesome activities, such as studying, reading, playing sports, and outdoor activities in favor of sitting passively inside, next to the radio, listening. His special comedic style allowed the joke to be at his expense, instead of at the expense of others. There were Americans were buying radios at a rate of 28 per minute. Licenses for Edwin Armstrong's "static-free" frequency modulation (FM) concept of radio transmission were first granted in 1940-41. The wide dissemination of incorrect or selectively chosen information could invite or reinforce opinions. Amos: Well, whut you goin' do 'bout it? Some comedians liked to tell what at the time were considered risqu jokes, meaning the jokes were on the edge of being considered indecent. "Blondie," "Gasoline Alley," and "Li'l Abner" were closely followed by both children and adults. Prime-Time: The Life of Edward R. Murrow. We'll fill dat up wid water. The dramas were called soap operas because manufacturers of the major brands of soap, including Proctor and Gamble and Lever Brothers, sponsored them. New York: Penguin Putnam, Inc., 1997, pp. "On the Planet Mongo," an episode of the children's science-fiction series Flash Gordon; airdate April 27, 1935. In 1933 Edwin Howard Armstrong produced the first FM transmitter and receiver, although it was six years before an FM station would air. Bluegrass singer-songwriter Bill Monroe performs with Jimmy Martin on guitar, Buddy Killen on bass and Don Slayman on fiddle on stage at the Grand Ole Opry in . The economic situation during the Depression directly impacted radio. On paper tape, a stylus would scratch a signal showing which station a radio was tuned to during every moment that it was in use. He bought CBS in 1929, building it from a failing network of 22 radio stations into a broadcast empire. Dissolve next speech from filter to clear) When you hear the signal the time will be eleven fifty-nine and one half. The play takes its name from the phone number that New Yorkers could dial in the 1930s to get the accurate time. The show, which began slowly and calmly at first, steadily built to a frantic pace, giving the impression of hours passing in minutes. In the 1930s music was the foundation of radio and America's favorite escape from the Depression. In Historical Journal of Film, Radio, and Television. List of old-time American radio people. NEIL: But you said it what quarter to twelve the last time I asked. His successor Harry Truman suffered from his abrupt Midwest behavior before the microphone, which contrasted sharply with Roosevelt's warm wit and charm. In the United States, active broadcasting preceded firm government policy. Lackmann, Ronald. Many Philadelphia DJs became celebrities, actively engaged and influential in . In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. Murrow reported from Vienna, Austria, in 1938 as the Nazis entered the Austrian capital. Sports played a major role in the escapism from the Great Depression. In the beginning of the 1930s most Americansincluding President Rooseveltshared the view that the conflict was someone else's. Introduction. Side Projects and Homelife When autocomplete results are available use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Very quickly programs became fairly sophisticated in these techniques. Eventually, as social workers reported, families would rather part with their icebox or other necessary appliances than with their radio. Richard Rogue was a working stiff kind of a private eye, and had a quick tongue. News programs and commentary provided direct challenges to long-held views, likewise many "entertainment" programs provided cultural criticism. Children would mail in a label and a modest amount of money for the ring. Haile Selassie (1892 - 1975) Emperor of Ethiopia 1930 - 1974. Live big bands, for instance, were scrapped in favour of recorded rock and roll, which was played on local programs by voluble and irreverent disc jockeys. Outside of the United States, the world was in a state of flux. At first his program was primarily inspirational and welcomed by the Depression-weary public but became increasingly political. The fabric of American life would be changed forever. National laws are needed to complete that program. Colbert was one of radio's earliest and most prolific soap opera performers, appearing in "Stella Dallas," "Life Can be Beautiful," "Young Dr. Malone," "Portia Faces Life," and "Aunt Jenny," among others. Programs during the Golden Age of Radio frequently took the name of their sponsors. One of the most popular radio personalities of the 1950s was "One Man's Family" was a typical radio dramathe story of a multigenerational family, with ongoing stories that weren't too complicated for listeners just joining the show to understand. He remained associated with Benny's radio and television programs until Benny's death in 1974. ), OPERATOR: (On filter) When you hear the signal the time will be eleven fifty-nine. Paley was responsible for bringing substantial entertainment to the Great Depression audience who could little afford to pursue other forms of entertainment. A selection of shows from American radios Golden Age is presented in the table. Millions of radio listeners believed the report of the invasion, which was actually an adaptation of H.G. They set a new standard for communications between the president and the public (from Franklin Roosevelt. The U.S. Congress became concerned that one company would control too much of the media in any one town. Considerable interference resulted as operators shifted station frequency (and sometimes the transmitter location, by mounting it in a truck) in an attempt to obtain a clear signal. Fred Allen (born John Florence Sullivan, May 31, 1894 March 17, 1956) was an American comedian whose absurdist, topically pointed radio show (19321949) made him one of the most popular and forward-looking humorists in the so-called classic era of American radio. The Golden Age of American radio as a creative medium lasted, at best, from 1930 to 1955, with the true peak period being the 1940s. (Tone: Phone drops to floor). Since the 1940s, Black disc jockeysor deejayshave been an inseparable part of Black radio. remain connected to the public. The explosion of radio was both exhilarating and exhausting. These concerns were later mirrored by similar concerns expressed over the effects television and personal computers posed on child development. That is some serious growth! Onair performances of works by playwrights William Shakespeare and Henrik Ibsen, and author Leo Tolstoy were produced, as well as radio adaptations of some of Hollywood's best films. In 1943, Beulah moved over to That's Life and then became a supporting character on the popular Fibber McGee and Molly radio series in late 1944. There were several great radio theater companies during the 1930s including Orson Welles's Mercury Theatre on the Air, the Lux Radio Theatre, Screen Guide Theatre, and Studio One, later known as the Ford Theater. Amos: He's li'ble to find it out though. Best, Gary Dean. . More people owned radios, were listening to radio in increasing numbers, and were listening to radios for an increasing amount of time each day. The series was based on the novel Mr. and Mrs. Cugat (1940), written by Isabel Scott Rorick, which had previously been adapted into the Paramount Pictures feature film Are Husbands Necessary? View More. So when Gladys Hill, who was the first "Dizzy Lizzy," left Houston, I took her place as the second "Dizzy . In February 2017, she left "97.9 The Boxx" to focus on her non-profit I'm Me Foundation and write a book. Many advertisers made themselves known by eventually adopting the practice of combining their name with the name of the star or the title of the program, as with Camel Caravan, sponsored by the R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, or A&P Gypsies, sponsored by the largest American grocery-store chain at the time. Charles Coughlin was a Canadian-American Catholic priest and populist leader who promoted antisemitic and pro-fascist views. The Beulah Show is an American situation-comedy series that ran on CBS radio from 1945 to 1954, and on ABC television from 1950 to 1952. Andy: Yere's de well right yere. For example, during Bing Crosbys tenure as host of The Kraft Music Hall, the talent and staff were hired by the Kraft food companys advertising firm, the J. Walter Thompson agency. The most popular early network series by far was NBCs Amos n Andy, a daily 15-minute situation comedy in which two white men (Freeman Gosden and Charles Correll) acted the parts of two black operators of a taxicab company in Chicago. Hour-long blocks of time were generally reserved for prestigious big-star shows, such as Lux Radio Theatre, or for low-rated but esteemed and experimental shows, such as The Columbia Workshop. We also became convinced that the only way to avoid a repetition of those dark days was to have a government with power to prevent and to cure the abuses and the inequalities which had thrown that system out of joint. The change of one vote would have thrown all the affairs of this great Nation back into hopeless chaos. The Spanish Civil War (19361939) is considered the first radio war. As the 1930s progressed, and as reporters such as Edward R. Murrow, H.V. For example, newspapers were still more a local and regional form of information sharing. Regional differences in the United States began to diminish as radio, hand-in-hand with mass production and mass consumerism, grew through the decade. In 1937 a reporter captured his reaction to the crash of the Hindenburg. They felt that if a single company owned all of the radio stations and newspapers in one town, they would not express a variety of views. Arthur "Al Benson" Bernard Leaner - WGES. The list consists of 665 members. Czechoslovakia didn't seem so far away, and the invasion of Poland didn't seem so insignificant to the United States. Later a film and television star, Burns contributed greatly to the development of the early sitcom. #44 of 164. The orchestra of Guy Lombardo and His Royal Canadians were made famous by radio, as was jazz musician Count Basie. Here They AreAmos 'n' Andy. Given the hard times of the Depression they had an eager listening public. Radio, however, had a rocky start in America. When German planes bombed the Basque town of Guernica in Spain in 1937, it solidified writer and director Norman Corwin's hatred of fascism. Former wireless operator Sarnoff rose to president of the Radio Corporation of America. On radios musical front, the National Broadcasting Company established its own symphony orchestra, led by Italian conductor Arturo Toscanini. An outstanding comedic duo, the show was a huge success providing many laughs to the American audiences during the Great Depression and later made the transition to television. In the late 1930s the Federal Communications Commission (created by the Communications Act of 1934) investigated the potential for a monopoly on broadcasting, and in 1941 it recommended that no single company own more than one network. The show has subsequently been criticized as racially insensitive and insulting, but some critics contend that it humanized black people. Radio then morphed into radio formats . the insurgency was under control, but was soon countered by broadcasts calling for a general strike. His critics charged that he was able to use his unique position and access to mass media to support his views. March 3, 2023 6:21 PM PT. The success of this show established Hollywood as a major centre of radio production. 2. 5) Petey Greene. Welles also took part in the New Deal's Federal Theater Project that provided work for many unemployed actors and stagehands. How was radio used to try to change Americans view of the conflict? Historic Events for Students: The Great Depression. Arthur Bernard Leaner was a professional radio DJ and record label owner that broke significant ground for Black music in Chicago between 1940 . In 1933 alone 3.6 million radio sets were sold. As the country came increasingly close to war, his diocese, in Detroit, chose to review his statements prior to broadcast. Walter Winchell was the most powerful and feared gossip columnist and radio commentator in America in the 1930s and 1940s: Mark Thompson: December 1, 1955: American: Mark Thompson is a well-known American radio personality: Daniel James . The formation of NBC was followed by the formation of CBS (Columbia Broadcasting System). Have von (H.V.) Tonight, sitting at my desk in the White House, I make my first radio report to the people in my second term of office. Encyclopedia.com. . Censorship involved a radio network Body crumples) There; now he'll be quiet for a minute. A pioneer in radio, Kaltenborn was first on the air in 1921 and by the 1930s he was a regular newscaster reporting on the Spanish Civil War in 1936. As the reporter broke into the performance several times over the next few minutes, he described strange flying vehicles landing in various parts of the United States and strange creatures emerging from them. Murrow's broadcasts during the Battle of Britain were often accompanied by air raid sirens or bomb explosions. The number of programs and types of programming for radio grew astonishingly quickly. The growing war in Europe produced some of the most creative and thoughtful programming on radio. As radio came into its own, it discovered the major issues that would continue to challenge it into the future. It will take timeand plenty of timeto work out our remedies administratively even after legislation is passed. Here is their schedule for September 21, 1939 (from Old-Time Radio. Prominent sports figures became larger than life. Radios provided an avenue for information that supplemented local newspaper. Early Work In 1949, he wins the National Leagues Most Valuable Player Award. One bright spot was the exciting explosion of radio programming. The husband and wife comedy team of George Burns and Gracie Allen became representatives of the desired everyday world in American culture. Powerful gossip columnist Louella Parsonswhose show, Hollywood Hotel, debuted on CBS in October 1934surmounted this fee by inducing top film stars to appear on her program for free. American Decades: 19301939. Beulah was employed as a housekeeper and cook for the Henderson family: father Harry, mother Alice and son Donnie. The performers would have a set of gagsjokesthat they could perform night after night in venues all over the world. Born before the first commercial radio stations went on the air, Harvey fashioned a personality and career that spanned the medium's Golden Age, its postwar retreat into a pop jukebox and its later resurgence as the place for news and talk exactly what Harvey did for more than 75 years. In 1930 the Association of National Advertisers, along with the Cooperative Analysis of Broadcasting, devised a ratings system called the Crossley Report, for which several thousand people were polled by telephone and asked to recall the programs to which they had been listening. Grote Reber Many radio shows were broadcast all over the country, and served to create a community of shared experience for a diverse and widespread world. and radio performer. "The Seventh Victim," an episode of the science-fiction series X Minus One, based on a short story by Robert Sheckley; airdate March 6, 1957. Radio became the primary media for entertainment and, increasingly, for information. The Halls of Ivy is an NBC radio sitcom that ran from 1950-1952. Quiz Kids, a popular radio and TV series of the 1940s and 1950s, was created by Chicago public relations and advertising man Louis G. Cowan. Radio provided a shared national experience of entertainment and information. Writer-producer-director Norman Corwin, one of radios brightest talents, ruefully made the point that radios most creative era was the shortest golden age in history. During its brief heyday, however, dramatic radio thrived and was a vital part of American culture. New York: Pantheon Books, 1998. Originally broadcast as "Sam 'n' Henry" in 1926, the show was renamed when it changed networks. Adam Carolla (; born May 27, 1964) is an American comedian, radio personality, television host, actor, podcaster, and director. Sean Hannity. Part of its responsibilities was to assign specific radio frequencies and call letters to radio stations. In response the Communications Act of 1934, one of the regulatory foundations of Roosevelt's New Deal, which was a group of policies focused on relief and reform, provided for the establishment of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). Murrow set the standard for American journalism providing descriptive reports of many of the 1930s and 1940s important events. Andy: Now, lissen yere, Amosdon't never try to tell me whut to do or whut not to do. The Great American Broadcast: A Celebration of Radio's Golden Age. Sablan is a radio personality and the first radio producer inducted into the National Radio Hall of Fame in 2016. How did radio change American's understanding of the people "over there?" This was Radio. Woburn, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2001. Hilmes, Michele and Jason Loviglio. Amos: When I tell Mister Hopkins dat I lost half de milk, he goin' git mad wid me. On October 30, 1938 a radio musical performance was interrupted by a reporter. The name would be famous, but you would never be. Robin Ophelia Quivers (born August 8, 1952) is an American radio personality, author, and actress, best known for being the long-running news anchor and co-host of The Howard Stern Show. October 1999. Lillian Disney at Schiphol Airport in 1951 by Carel L. de Vogel from Wikimedia Commons. Now the mass produced goods could be promoted through the mass media for mass consumption. Her first work on radio was with WOR in New York City where she hosted a show from 1934 to 1940. Later recorded music was regularly broadcast, and radio stations had a series of continuing battles with ASCAP (American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers) over how to charge fees for playing recorded music that had copyrights. Coughlin was highly popular in the early 1930s with his radio program attracting an estimated 30 to 45 million listeners each week. Radio itself was not brand new in the 1930s, but it is during this time that it became an integral part of the lives of Americans. Famous People. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt (served 19331945) immediately seized on the popularity of radio with his series of Fireside Chats that he conducted beginning in the second week of his presidency. View More. Though an explanation had preceded the performance, many listeners didn't hear it, and thousands panicked. The shift to television in the 1950s, however, had a major impact on radio. Biggest stars of the 1940's. Menu. Since most radio soap operas were only fifteen minutes long, many could run in one day. See more ideas about old time radio, radio, golden age of radio. Throughout the 1930s, as the world careened toward war, America debated the appropriate response to the emerging conflict. "Too Many Problems," an episode of the situation comedy series Father Knows Best, starring Robert Young; airdate November 2, 1950. Bolino, August C. From Depression to War: American Society in Transition1939. (Virtually all broadcasts during radios peak years were in AM, or amplitude modulation.). Disc jockey Early Years, 1920s-1940s. President Roosevelt used the radio for regular "fireside chats" with the American people, explaining the major events of the time and his response to them in a calm and reassuring voice. Networks used telephone lines to transmit their signals to affiliates, and because they were designed to be broadcast from the East Coast to the West, AT&T charged $1,000 an hour to reverse the circuits. View More. This constituted yet another form of escape from the daily problems of the Great Depression by becoming temporarily absorbed in the problems of others, and maybe in even gaining some comfort that others besides themselves were facing difficult times. There were eight major transmitters and as many as sixty smaller transmitters. Hattie McDaniel took over in Nov of 1947. Welles went on to a legendary career in film; in his film directing debut, the classic Citizen Kane, he used many of the techniquesand peoplehe knew from radio. New York: Oxford University Press, 1966. . (Tone) (Her voice starts to break) When you hear the tone the time will be eleven fifty-nine and three-quarters. In 1922 he introduced the Radiola, for $75, and made radio a household appliance. . Radio, with its thrillers and mysteries, classical theater and musical performances, and slapstick and silliness, provided a means of escaping the dreariness of life. New stars were also created, as performers discovered the medium and created unique shows. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The New Deal's Communications Act of 1934 survives largely intact. This program provided a key opportunity during the Depression when many could not afford to go to movie theaters. Barnouw, Erik. Sale of advertising time was not widely practiced at early radio stations in the United States. Jean Colbert (?1995). Radio stations in nearby Morocco and the Canary Islands broadcasted in support of the rebels, and rebel resistance grew. Radio personalities are very popular and the success of a radio channel is largely dependent upon the popularity of the radio personality who host its programs. Date of birth: 8 August 1952. They could also employ elaborate sound effects and various other techniques that would play on the listeners' imaginations. The National Association of Broadcasters created standards of performance and objectivity that spawned discussion and that evolved throughout the rest of the twentieth century. Freeman Fisher Gosden and Charles James Correll created and starred in the popular radio show "Amos 'n' Andy." . Indeed, many objected to the commercialization of radio, among them Herbert Hoover, who said in 1924, I believe the quickest way to kill broadcasting would be to use it for direct advertising. Strong arguments were made opposing the invasion of peoples homes with commerce (although newspapers and magazines had done so for more than a century) on the grounds that it would lead to entertainment programs pitched to the mass audience, thereby limiting radios potential educational and social benefits. William S. Paley became president of the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS) on September 25, 1928, two days before his 27th birthday, and he would lead the network for more than 60 years. As Germany's aggression in Europe became increasingly evident, Coughlin lost some of his popularity, however, for much of the Depression he was a significant voice in American radio. Episode 2 of "The Perada Treasure," from the children's adventure series Captain Midnight; airdate October 18, 1939. Andy: Well, it's yore own faultdat's all I got say. In the November 1936 election President Roosevelt used the radio much more effectively than opponent Alf Landon, which partially contributed to Roosevelt's victory. Radio Days. The sound of the rocket ship in "Buck Rogers in the Twenty-Fifth Century" was created by placing paper over the air-conditioning vents and placing a microphone in a small spot in the middle. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. The most famous radio personality in Cleveland history, and a pioneer of early rock 'n' roll. Having worked successfully at radio for over 40 . Variety shows lampooned racial preconceptions, theater on the air challenged ideas of war and peace, and comedies provided a humorous critique of Middle American values. A new Federal Radio Commission established by the law would define what the public interest meant, though broadcasters would be held responsible for the content they provided. By 1948, his program received higher ratings than Fred Allen or Jack Benny. Stars of the stage, including theater stars and musical groups, became the stars of radio, with performers such as Edgar Bergen, Jack Benny, Bob Hope, Kate Smith, Guy Lombardo, Orson Welles, Barbara Stanwyck, Cary Grant, and Humphrey Bogart gracing the airwaves. Isolationist beliefs, opposition to the United States entering the war, made even the mention of the possibility of war controversial, but the airing of the program resulted in a thousand favorable letters being sent to CBS. As the world moved closer to world war, Kaltenborn reported on the invasion of Austria and Czechoslovakia. Bandleader Ozzie Nelson, who later married his vocalist Harriet Hilliard, became a radio phenomenon in the 1930s and went on to become a television phenomenon in "Ozzie and Harriet.". Radio stations consolidated during the Depression, as smaller stations went out of business. By 1933, 25 percent of the workforce, or over 12 million people, were out of work. "Radio 1929-1941 Radio-info.com has a chat board for aircheck collectors. View More. Skillful sports commentators were able to imagine the details of a game and pass them along to listeners using play-by-play provided in type across the wires. Along with this Hooperating, as it was then known, the audience share of a given program was listed; this was the rating divided by all the sets then being used. Not only would Americans share in the hardship caused by the Depression and in the solutions offered by the New Deal, but also in fads which themselves provided further escape from the Depression. This also represented the golden age of sportscasters who eloquently described the sporting events and created colorful images of the sports stars. Advertisers also found a new medium for promoting their goods nationwide. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Beyond the proliferation of entertainment, radio addressed some more serious issues. Swing represented decadent America, and jazz was seen as antithetical to the purity of the Aryan race, which was a term for the non-Jewish white population. Attendance at the movie theaters remained strong through the first few years of the Depression, but that also would eventually decline substantially. The addition of two more frequencies, 619 kHz in December 1921 and 750 kHz in August 1922, helped somewhat, but most larger cities had far more than three stations and thus continued to use shared-time arrangements. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. . 1930s radio created an environment for new expressions of cultural identity and cultural criticism. Famous Radio Personalities. Initially all stations in the United States had to operate on a single frequency, 833 kilohertz (kHz), and stations in the same area were forced to share time so their signals did not interfere with each another.

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